Electricity – Powering Our World

Story Book 

Cover page 

page 1

page 2

page 3

page 4

page 5

Page 6

page 7

page 8

page 9

page 10

Diagrams 

Series and Parallel Connections

Learning Objectives

• Identify series and parallel connections.
• Construct simple electrical circuits.
• Compare the flow of current in series and parallel circuits.
• Understand the advantages of parallel connections.
• Apply circuit concepts in daily life.

Competencies

Competency	Description
Knowledge	Explains series and parallel circuits.
Observation	Observes bulb brightness and current paths.
Application	Relates circuits to household wiring.
Analysis	Compares advantages and disadvantages.
Critical Thinking	Predicts circuit behaviour in different situations.

Learning Outcomes

• Differentiate between series and parallel circuits.
• Draw and identify both types of circuits.
• Explain current paths in each circuit.
• Predict the effect of a fused bulb.
• State why household wiring uses parallel connections.

Life Connect

• Household wiring uses parallel circuits.
• Festival decorative lights often use series circuits.
• Fans, bulbs and chargers work through electrical circuits.
• Electricians use these concepts during wiring.

What We Learn

• Proper connections improve efficiency.
• Science helps us solve daily life problems.
• Different situations require different arrangements.
• Knowledge of circuits improves safety.

Moral Values

• Work together like branches of a parallel circuit.
• Support others while performing your own duties.
• Use electricity responsibly.
• Avoid wastage of electrical energy.
• Develop scientific thinking and curiosity.

MCQ Assessment

1. In a series circuit, components are connected:

One after another Side by side Randomly None

2. A parallel circuit has:

One path More than one path No path Broken path

3. If one bulb fuses in a series circuit:

All bulbs go off Other bulbs glow Brightness increases Nothing happens

4. Household wiring uses:

Series connection Parallel connection Open circuit Short circuit

5. Current in a series circuit flows through:

One path Many paths No path Two paths

6. In a parallel circuit each bulb receives:

Full voltage Half voltage No voltage Variable voltage

7. If one bulb fuses in a parallel circuit:

All bulbs go off Other bulbs continue glowing Cell stops working Switch breaks

8. Which circuit is preferred in homes?

Series Parallel Open Broken

9. Decorative light strings are usually:

Series circuits Parallel circuits Open circuits Magnetic circuits

10. Which connection allows independent operation of appliances?

Series connection Parallel connection Open circuit Closed switch

HOTS Questions

1. Why are household appliances connected in parallel rather than in series?

Each appliance receives full voltage and works independently.

2. What happens if one bulb fuses in a series circuit?

The circuit breaks and all bulbs go off.

3. Why do bulbs glow brighter in parallel than in series?

Each bulb receives the full voltage of the cell.

4. State one advantage and one disadvantage of a series circuit.

Advantage: Easy to construct. Disadvantage: Failure of one bulb stops the entire circuit.

5. Compare the current path in series and parallel circuits.

Series circuits have one path, while parallel circuits have multiple paths.