The materials which are attracted by a magnet are called magnetic materials. Examples: iron, steel, cobalt.
● Types-
Natural -The first natural magnet was discovered in Magnesia, a town in Greece. It was called the lodestone.
Artificial magnets -are made of iron or steel. They are bar magnet, cylinderical magnet, U-shaped magnet, horseshoe magnet, magnetic needle, and compass.
● Properties:
A magnet attracts small pieces of iron.
A magnet always rests in the north-south direction, if it is free to swing.
Like poles repel each other and unlike poles attract each other.
Poles always exist in pairs, cannot be isolated.
● USES-
Magnets are used to separate iron and steel from their mixture with non-magnetic substances. –
Magnets are used in many electrical appliances such as an electric bell, loud-speaker, etc.
A magnetic compass is used by sailors and navigators to find the north-south direction.
● Methods to make magnet
1.Magnetic induction-Magnetic induction is the process in which a piece of iron temporarily behaves like a magnet in the presence of another magnet
2.Single touch method
3.Double touch method
4.Electrical method- Electromagnet
● Demagnatisation-
A magnet can be destroyed
by rough handling,
by dropping it several times,
by hammering it repeatedly
by heating it.
●Storage- Magnetic keepers are used to store the magnets.
