Solution Essential physics class 6 icse Solutions for Chapter 1 matter

Class -6 Physics Chapter- Matter  

Short-Answer Questions

Q1. Define matter. Give three examples. What is matter made up of?

Ans: Any substance that has mass and occupies space is called matter. Matter is made up of tiny particles called atoms. In most of substances, atoms do not exist independently.  They join up to form molecules.

Q2. What is the space between the molecules of a substance called?

Ans: The space between the molecules of a substance called Intermolecular space

Q3. What are the three states of matter?

Ans: Three states of matters are - solid state, liquid state, and Gas state. 

Q4. How do solids, liquids and gases differ in respect of volume and shape?

Ans: Solids have definite shape and volume.

Liquids have definite volume but not definite shape. 

Gases have no definite shape and no definite volume.  

Q5. What do you understand by 'interconversion of state'?

Ans: Matter changes its state when heated or cooled to the right degree. The process is called interconversion of state.

Q6. What is sublimation? Name two substances that sublime.

Ans: Some solids change directly into vapour without passing through the liquid state. This process is called Sublimation. Naphthalene and camphor sublime at room temperature.  

Q7. What is liquefaction?

Ans: The process of change from vapour state to liquid state is called liquefaction  

Q8. What causes matter to change its state

Ans: Changing states of matter occur when matter rejects or absorbs heat

Q9. Why are gases highly compressible?

Ans: Gases highly compressible because of large intermolecular space.

Long-Answer Questions:

Q1. Explain the characteristics of a solid based on the space and force between its molecules.

Ans: The characteristics of a solid based on the space and force between its molecules-

i) In a solid, the molecules are closely packed so intermolecular space least.

ii) In a solid, intermolecular force is very strong.  

Q2. Compare the characteristics of a solid and a liquid.

Ans: Compare the characteristics of a solid and a liquid. -

i) Liquids are almost incompressible, but less so than solids. 

ii) liquids have a definite volume, but no definite shape but solids have definite shape and definite volume. 

Q3. In what ways do gases behave differently from liquids?

Ans: i) Gases are highly compressible but liquids are almost incompressible. 

ii) Gases have neither fixed shape nor fixed Volume but liquids have fixed Volume and no fixed shape. 

Q4. Write about solid-liquid interconversion in brief.

Ans: When a solid is heated to a particular temperature, it changes into liquid. This process is called melting and the temperature at which a solid melt is called its melting point. 

Q5. What happens when a liquid is heated to its boiling point? Does a liquid change into the vapour state only at its boiling point?

Ans: when a liquid is heated to its boiling point bubbles start forming through its bulk and it changes into vapour at much faster rate.

No, liquid not only changes into the vapour state at its boiling point but at all temperatures. 

Objective questions

Choose the correct option:

1. Which of the following is not made of matter?

a) Tree

b) Horse

(c) Flower vase

(d) Light

2. Aluminium melts at 660 °C. At room temperature, aluminium is in the

(a) solid state 

(b) vapour state

(c) liquid state

(d) cannot say

3. In nature, water exists in

 (a) one state

(b) two states

(c) three states  

(d) four states

4. Water and ice coexist at 

(a) 100 °C.  

(b) 0 °C

(c) 50 °C

(d) 70 °C

5. The force that holds the molecules of a substance together is called

 (a) interatomic force

(b) molecular force

(c) intermolecular force

(d) attractive force

6. Intermolecular space is the greatest in

 (a) solids

(b) gases

(c) liquids

(d) liquids and gases

7. Molecules are made up of

 (a) two atoms of the same kind

(b) two or more atoms of the same kind

(c) two atoms of different kinds

(d) two or more atoms of the same or different kinds

Fill in the blanks:

1. The space a substance occupies is called its volume 

2. The amount of matter a substance occupies is called its mass.

3. Matter generally occurs in three states.

4.Bubbles form throughout the bulk of a liquid at its boiling point. 

5. The boiling point of a liquid is the same as the Condensation point of its vapour. 

6. Liquids are more compressible than solids. 

7. Atoms do not exist independently in most substances.